The United States said Tuesday it expects talks with Russia over Ukraine tensions and European security more broadly to start in January, while warning Moscow some of its proposals are "unacceptable."

The US administration has already said it is ready to hold direct talks with Moscow, and also through the NATO-Russia Council and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).

"There will be no talks on European security without Europe," Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs Karen Donfried told reporters.

"We have been clear we will do this with" the NATO Western defensive alliance of 30 states, she added, while Russian President Vladimir Putin has indicated a preference for one-to-one talks with the United States.

"On the bilateral engagement, we will decide on a date together with Russia and we believe that that will take place in January," said the diplomat.

She added the Washington-led transatlantic alliance would soon invite Moscow to a meeting of the NATO-Russia Council — a consultation forum created in 2002 — a proposal rejected so far by the Russians.

"My sense is that we will be seeing movement in these channels in the month of January," Donfried said.

The United States has been sounding the alarm since mid-November that Moscow could be planning a large-scale attack on its ex-Soviet neighbor Ukraine and has warned Putin of unprecedented sanctions.

Western governments have accused Moscow of amassing some 100,000 troops near its border with eastern Ukraine, where Kiev has been fighting pro-Russia separatists since 2014.

When asked whether sanctions could include the radical option of cutting Russia off from the Swift international payment network, an essential cog in the wheel of global finance, the US official said nothing was off the table.

Russia denies plotting an invasion and has demanded legal guarantees over its security from the United States and NATO, demanding the alliance stop an eastward expansion.

Last week Moscow presented demands to Washington and NATO, saying the alliance must not admit new members or establish military bases in ex-Soviet countries.

"There are some things that we're prepared to work on," Donfried said.

But, she added, "there are other things in those documents that the Russians know will be unacceptable."

She said she had no new information of whether Moscow was continuing to build up its troops on the Ukrainian border but called on Russia to "de-escalate."

"We continue to be deeply concerned about the Russian military presence on Ukraine's borders."

On Monday, US State Department spokesman Ned Price said Washington had not "seen anything that would allay our concerns."

Donfried also confirmed the United States continues to provide "defensive military systems" to Kiev, noting there was a delivery in the past week.

"Should Russia further invade Ukraine, we will provide additional defensive material to the Ukrainians above and beyond that which we are already in the process of providing," she said.

Putin warns West of military measures over Ukraine threats
Moscow (AFP) Dec 21, 2021 – President Vladimir Putin warned Tuesday that Russia was prepared to take military steps in response to "unfriendly" Western actions over the Ukraine conflict, in a sharp escalation of rhetoric.

The Russian president has for weeks accused the United States and the Washington-led NATO military alliance of stoking tensions near Moscow's borders, but these were his first comments hinting at potential conflict.

Putin told defence ministry officials that if the West continued its "obviously aggressive stance" Russia would take "appropriate retaliatory military-technical measures".

Russia "will react toughly to unfriendly steps", he said, adding that he wanted to underscore that, "we have every right to do so".

The United States has been sounding the alarm since mid-November that Moscow could be planning a large-scale attack on its ex-Soviet neighbour Ukraine and has warned Putin of unprecedented sanctions.

Western governments have accused Moscow of amassing some 100,000 troops near its border with eastern Ukraine, where Kiev has been fighting pro-Russia separatists since 2014.

Russia denies plotting an invasion and has demanded legal guarantees over its security from the United States and NATO, demanding the alliance stop an eastward expansion.

Last week Moscow presented demands to the United States and NATO saying the alliance must not admit new members or establish military bases in ex-Soviet countries.

– 'Doorstep of our house' –

Putin said Tuesday that Russia was "extremely concerned" over what he said was US missile deployments in Poland and Romania, which he said would soon be capable of launching Tomahawk cruise missiles.

"If this infrastructure moves further — if US and NATO missile systems appear in Ukraine — then their approach time to Moscow will be reduced to seven or 10 minutes," he said, adding that the time would be cut even shorter with hypersonic weapons.

Despite hinting at conflict, Putin said that Russia wants to avoid "bloodshed".

"We want to resolve issues by political and diplomatic means," he said.

But the Russian leader repeated grievances over Washington's support for Ukraine, which includes training Kiev's forces and committing to them more than $2.5 billion.

Those actions, Putin said, are taking place "at the doorstep of our house".

Even if Moscow receives US security guarantees, Putin said he would be wary of them because "the United States easily withdraws from all international treaties that for one reason or another become uninteresting to them".

The West has warned that Putin could use the pretext of provocations in Ukraine to launch a full-scale attack.

Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu accused Washington of plotting "provocations" in eastern Ukraine. He said US mercenaries had brought "reserves of an unknown chemical component" to two Ukrainian towns on the frontline of the war with separatists.

– Zelensky seeks 'clear timeline' –

Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky meanwhile voiced frustration over NATO's reluctance to speed up Kiev's membership in the alliance.

"We cannot accept the theory that is now very popular about (Ukraine joining) the EU in 30 years and NATO sometime in about 50 years," Zelensky said during a meeting with Ukrainian ambassadors Tuesday.

"It demotivates us and slows us down."

Ukraine wanted to get a "very clear timeline" from NATO on the prospect of membership in 2022, he added.

Although Kiev has for years been seeking to join the US-led alliance, Western officials have on numerous occasions said this is not on the cards any time soon.

Ukraine and its Western allies say Moscow has long been involved in the Ukraine conflict, sending troops and weapons to support the separatists in fighting that has claimed over 13,000 lives.

Russia denies the claims and has warned that Kiev has mobilised half its forces to the eastern conflict zone.

In 2014, Ukraine's military was unable to stop Russia seizing Crimea and pro-Moscow separatists grabbing two regions in the Russian-speaking east soon after.

But Kiev's forces have since modernised and acquired attack drones from NATO member Turkey, which drew an angry response from Putin when Ukraine deployed them in October.