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Russians move into East Med gas fracas
by Staff Writers
Nicosia, Cyprus (UPI) Apr 20, 2012

Deadline to review EU's Iran oil ban postponed a month
Brussels (AFP) April 20, 2012 - European Union nations have agreed to a Greek request to postpone by one month an April deadline to review the impact of the bloc's oil embargo on Iran, EU diplomats said Friday.

But the delay was highly unlikely to impact a January decision to enforce a full oil embargo on Iranian crude by July 1 as part of efforts to bring Tehran back to international talks over its contested nuclear drive, they said.

The potential impact on economically troubled EU nations heavily dependent on Iranian oil, Greece, Spain and Italy, as well as on the global oil market -- where oil prices rose on news of the embargo -- was to be reassessed by May 1.

"So far Greece has come back to us saying that for the time being, they seem to have been able to handle and to keep the situation under control," said a senior EU diplomat who asked to remain anonymous.

"But precisely because there was this deadline in April they have asked for the possibility to come back to this issue in May or maybe even in June and this has been accepted by all member states," the source added.

"The whole situation of the oil market is being kept under close review, and if necessary we'll come back to this," he said.

Greece's dependence in particular held up an accord on the embargo as the debt-laden nation relies on Iran for more than a third of its imports and had struck preferential financial terms with Tehran.

Greece initially wanted a transition period of up to a year, and intensive talks took place for weeks to find alternative sources.


The Russians appear to be making a determined bid to secure a stake in the energy boom in the eastern Mediterranean despite the danger of conflict.

Israel, Lebanon, Cyprus, Greece and Turkey are vying for control of the vast offshore natural gas fields in a region long-deprived of energy resources. The potential windfall adds a new dimension to the conflicts between Israel and the Arabs and between old rivals Turkey and Greece.

The scramble for the region's newfound energy riches is also pitting Israel, supported by Greece and the Greek Cypriots, against its onetime strategic ally Turkey.

Novatek, Russia's biggest independent natural gas producer, is reported to be considering exploration off the war-divided island of Cyprus, which, with nearby Israel, dominates waters where Lebanon and Turkey also claim access.

Only a few weeks ago, Russian energy giant Gazprom signed a preliminary deal with Israel to buy liquefied natural gas from offshore fields that are to start producing over the next 2-3 years.

Gazprom is also reportedly interested in bidding for one of 12 exploration blocks off Cyprus, 300 miles north of Israel.

France's Total and Exxon Mobil of the United States are also reported to be showing interest in the Cypriot exclusive economic zone when the Nicosia government has its second licensing round in May.

The stakes are high. The U.S. Geological Survey said in 2010 the Levantine Basin that encompasses Syria, Lebanon, Israel, the Gaza Strip and Cyprus contains at least 122 tcf of gas and considerable oil.

Israel kicked off the regional scramble for natural gas with the 2009-10 discovery of the Tamar field off its northern coast and then the bigger Leviathan field further out to sea.

Both were found by the U.S. Noble Energy Co. of Houston, and its leading Israeli partner, the Delek Group.

Tamar contains an estimated 8.5 trillion cubic feet of gas and Leviathan up to 20 tcf, plus 4.2 billion barrels of oil.

Noble has also made preliminary strikes of 6.35-10 tcf in Cyprus' Block 12. Dubbed the Aphrodite field, it's the southernmost of the blocks off the Greek Cypriot sector of the island and abuts Leviathan.

"With Tamar set to come online in April 2013, and Leviathan expected to begin production by 2016, what is for now just a dispute over maritime borders could soon turn into a regional conflict over natural gas," cautioned Foreign Policy.

Cyprus has been divided since 1974 when Turkey seized one-third of the island, proclaiming it the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Populated by the Turkish Cypriot minority, the TRNC is recognized only by Ankara. The Greek Cypriot sector is universally recognized.

Turkey opposes Greek Cypriot exploration and will soon begin drilling itself off northern Cyprus. It's even contemplating doing that in disputed waters off Greece, a move that would sharpen tensions considerably.

Ankara has threatened to use military force against exploration efforts off Cyprus. It sent warships to escort its exploration vessels and deployed F-16 fighters in the TRNC.

The poorly armed Greek Cypriots have sought a military alliance with Israel, the region's most powerful state. It's widely believed that under a military cooperation pact Israel will be able to base F-16s on Cyprus.

Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu signed that deal when he visited Nicosia in February to discuss joint exports to Europe. He danced around the issue of whether Israel would provide security for Cyprus' gas zones, while Israel's navy is making plans to shield the Jewish state's gas fields from attack.

Israel also wants to implement a search-and-rescue agreement, seen as another diplomatic device to allow Israeli aircraft to deploy on Cyprus.

"Because of Turkey's tense relations in the eastern Mediterranean … agreements such as these are quite sensitive and raise questions whether they could be the first step toward a strategic alliance," The Jerusalem Post noted.

Israel's air force is already exercising with the Greeks, as the Jewish state deepens its relationship with Athens to replace the alliance it had with Turkey until Ankara broke it off in 2010.

All this military activity heightens the political tensions swelling around the east Mediterranean.

These are destined to mount as Lebanon crosses swords with Israel, claiming that a large chunk of Leviathan lies its EEZ while planning to launch its own exploration program.

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Qatar eyeing big Malta energy investment
Valletta, Malta (UPI) Apr 20, 2012 - Qatar is eyeing $1.3 billion in investments in Malta's Enemalta Corp. energy company and a natural gas distribution hub on the island, a local report indicated this week.

A Tuesday visit by Qatari ruler Sheik Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani to Malta, where he met with Prime Minister Lawrence Gonzi, resulted in the signing of six agreements between the countries covering education, health, employment and the economy.

The talks also paved the way for closer energy ties, which will likely result in a major investment in Enemalta as a strategic partner for state-owned Qatargas, the English-language newspaper Malta Today reported.

Citing senior Maltese and Qatari sources, the publication said a deal is near on establishing a distribution hub for Qatari natural gas along the Delimara Peninsula on the main island's southeastern tip.

The site of the facility would likely be near the heavy fuel oil-burning Delimara power station, which is about to open a $216 million addition and could in the future be converted to burn natural gas, the newspaper said.

The report indicated officials have scouted sites along the Delimara coast that could be used to house bunkering and docking facilities for a gas hub, which would be targeted to customers in Europe and Africa.

The sources said even as Hamad and Gonzi were conducting the state visit, negotiations on the deal were being conducted along the sidelines by Maltese Finance Minister Tonio Fenech and Qatari Minister of Energy and Industry Mohamed bin Saleh al-Sada.

The possible investment in coming in the context of a deepening relationship between the countries. The momentum picked up steam during the Libyan crisis, when Qatar praised the island nation for providing assistance to injured civilians.

During the state visit, Gonzi announced his country was opening an embassy in Doha.

"We have always enjoyed good ties with Qatar, which grew even stronger throughout last year when Qatar used Malta as its hub for sending humanitarian aid to Libya during the uprising," Gonzi said.

Malta is also hoping to secure reliable supplies of oil and gas from Libya under its new government.

Fenech met with Libyan Oil and Gas Undersecretary Umar Shakmak this month in hopes of gaining supplies on favorable terms, the English-language Libyan Herald reported.

The newspaper said the pair discussed other ways Libya and Malta could enhance their relationship, including a meeting between Maltese technical experts and specialists from the Libya National Oil Corp.

Malta has no domestic production of energy sources and depends totally on oil imports -- the only EU member state that does so. Oil is the only type of energy used for electricity generation in the country, with the transportation sector dominating its energy consumption.

Malta's electricity generation has been exclusively based on oil since 1995 -- the last year that hard coal was used. Since then, its total generation has been steadily increasing.

At the same time, Malta's economy is in better shape than many of the debt-laden members of the eurozone. The European Commission expects the country's exports to increase by 4 percent this year while employment should be stable at just less than 7 percent, compared to more than 10 percent in the eurozone as a whole.



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China, Iceland announce deal on oil-rich Arctic
Reykjavik (AFP) April 20, 2012
China and Iceland announced a deal on the oil-rich Arctic region Friday after Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao flew in to Reykjavik on the first stage of a four-nation European tour. The deal was part of a package of six agreements signed on the first day of the Chinese premier's visit to the country, during which he held talks with his Icelandic counterpart Johanna Sigurdardottir. The Arctic' ... read more


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