China on Tuesday pledged not to resort to the use of force in the tense South China Sea, as neighbours with rival border claims stepped up their complaints over Beijing's assertive maritime posture.

Beijing called for more dialogue to resolve the long-standing territorial disputes in the area after the Philippines sought help from the United States and Vietnam staged live-fire military exercises in a show of military strength.

"We will not resort to the use of force or the threat of force," Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Hong Lei told reporters.

"We hope relevant countries will do more for peace and stability in the region."

Tensions between China and other rival claimants to the strategically vital South China Sea -- home to two potentially oil-rich archipelagos, the Paracels and Spratlys -- have escalated in recent weeks.

The Philippines and Vietnam in particular have expressed alarm at what they say are increasingly aggressive actions by China in the disputed waters, but Beijing has insisted it is committed to resolving the issue peacefully.

In Manila, Philippine President Benigno Aquino said Tuesday his country needed help from longtime ally the United States in the increasingly tense maritime dispute.

"Of course they (China) are a superpower, they have more than 10 times our population. We do not want any hostilities to break out," Aquino told reporters when asked about recent Chinese actions in the disputed waters.

"Perhaps the presence of our treaty partners, the United States of America, ensures that all of us will have freedom of navigation (and) will conform to international law."

The Philippines has accused China of undermining peace and stability in the region by sending naval vessels to intimidate Filipino fishermen and the crew of an oil exploration ship.

China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Taiwan, Brunei and Malaysia have competing claims to the Spratlys. Beijing and Hanoi are at odds over the Paracels.

The area has commercial shipping lanes that are vital for global trade.

Hong insisted Vietnam was to blame for the recent flare-up in the spat between Beijing and Hanoi, sparked by a confrontation last month between Chinese surveillance vessels and a Vietnamese oil survey ship.

"Some country took unilateral actions to impair China's sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, and released groundless and irresponsible remarks with the attempt to expand and complicate the issue of the South China Seas," Hong said, in a thinly veiled reference to Hanoi.

"This is where the problem lies."

He said China was willing to hold direct negotiations with the other nations making territorial claims within the framework of a code of conduct agreed to in 2002.

Hong also urged nations not directly involved in the maritime disputes to "respect" the efforts of disputing nations to peacefully resolve the issue -- perhaps a warning to Washington.

On Monday, US Senator Jim Webb urged Congress to condemn China's recent behaviour, saying that Washington has been too weak-kneed on the South China Sea issue.

Webb, who heads the Senate Foreign Relations subcommittee on East Asia, said he was introducing a bill that would denounce China for the use of force and urge it to seek a peaceful resolution to disputes.

The United States generally does not take positions on territorial disputes in which it is not directly involved.

A Chinese military newspaper stated Beijing's position more bluntly.

"China resolutely opposes any country unrelated to the South China Sea issue meddling in disputes, and it opposes the internationalisation of the South China Sea issue," the People's Liberation Army Daily said Tuesday in a commentary.

"This dispute must be resolved peacefully through friendly consultations between the two parties involved."

Taiwan at the weekend reiterated its claim to the Spratlys, and said missile boats and tanks could be deployed to disputed territory.

earlier related report
Philippines wants US help to contain China
Manila (AFP) June 14, 2011 - Philippine President Benigno Aquino said Tuesday his country needed help from longtime ally the United States in its increasingly tense dispute with China over rival claims in the South China Sea.

Aquino accused China of breaking international law by sending vessels into waters claimed by the Philippines and close to its landmass, while portraying his country as weak compared with its militarily superior Asian neighbour.

"Of course they (China) are a superpower, they have more than 10 times our population. We do not want any hostilities to break out," Aquino told reporters when asked about recent Chinese actions in the disputed area.

"Perhaps the presence of our treaty partners, the United States of America, ensures that all of us will have freedom of navigation (and) will conform to international law."

The United States and the Philippines are bound by a 1951 Mutual Defence Treaty that calls on both parties to come to one another's aid if either were to be attacked by an external party.

Aquino's comments came after the US ambassador to the Philippines, Harry Thomas, said on Tuesday that the United States remained committed to helping its former colony in any dispute over the South China Sea.

Thomas emphasised at a public forum in Manila that the Philippines and the United States were "longstanding treaty allies" and "strategic partners".

"We will continue to consult each other closely on all issues, including the South China Sea and Spratly Islands," Thomas said.

Aquino welcomed Thomas's comments, which are likely irk China as it has long insisted that the United States has no role to play in resolving its territorial disputes with Asian countries.

"We are pleased by that, especially the reiteration that we are a strategic partner," Aquino said when asked to respond to Thomas's comments.

Aquino's remarks continued an escalation in tensions between China, the Philippines and other rival claimants to the strategically vital and resource-rich South China Sea over recent months.

The Philippines and Vietnam, in particular, have expressed alarm at what they say are increasingly aggressive actions by China in the disputed waters.

The Philippines has accused China of putting up posts and a buoy in Philippines-claimed areas of the Spratlys, an archipelago of more than 100 islands and reefs in the South China Sea.

It also accused China of sending naval vessels to intimidate Filipino fishermen and the crew of an oil exploration ship near an atoll called Reed Bank.

Aquino on Tuesday specifically highlighted recent "incidents" at Reed Bank, pointing out it was well within the Philippines' exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical miles.

He said the Reed Bank was just 80 miles from the nearest major Philippine landmass, but 576 miles from Chinese territory.

"Five-hundred-and-seventy-six miles is obviously greater than 200 miles, so suddenly why is there a dispute, if we are all conforming to international law," he said.

Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, a country's exclusive economic zone extends to 200 miles from its continental shelf.

In response to earlier complaints from the Philippines, China has denied taking any aggressive actions and insisted it remained committed to resolving territorial disputes with its neighbours peacefully.

Aside from China, the Philippines and Vietnam, Taiwan, Brunei and Malaysia have overlapping claims to sections of the South China Sea.

The area is believed to hold major oil and gas deposits, and has commercial shipping lanes that are vital for global trade.

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